The ventilation of confined spaces can be controlled according to demand by using CO2-concentration as an indicator for occupancy. This is realised by a feedback loop involving CO2-sensors and ventilation equipment allowing for power variation. This principle is applicable to railway coaches: Most of today's passenger coaches are ventilated according to seating capacity rather than actual demand (number of passengers), resulting in a constant outside air intake of some 20 m3 per hour and seat or 1600 m3 for a 80 seat coach. A CO2-controlled operation may considerably reduce these figures while ensuring air quality. This saves energy since less outside air has to be heated or cooled to inside temperature. Fields of application - Buildings with a high variation of occupancy and high occupancy peaks, such as cinemas, theaters, classrooms, meeting rooms and retail establishments.
- Railways
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