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General information
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Description
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The rotor of a transversal flux machine consists of permanent magnets arranged in ring-shape. The direction of the magnetic flux is perpendicular to the
rotational vector. The transversal flux construction principle permits a very high power density.
A motor with 600 mm diameter and 200 mm length (hardly bigger than a conventional disk brake) has a power output of 200 kW. |
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General criteria
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Status of development: research & experiments |
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Research at DB AG and manufacturers. |
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Time horizon for broad application: in > 10 years |
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(no details available) |
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Expected technological development: highly dynamic |
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(no details available) |
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Motivation:
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- High energy density
- Wheel-mounted construction
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Benefits (other than environmental): big |
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- High energy and torque densities
- Wheel-mounted construction
- Low weight: According to DB research, weight/power ratio is reduced by 2/3
compared to asynchronous motor drive including gears (from 2,27 kg/kW to 0.73
kg/kW).
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Barriers: high |
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Complexity
Transversal flux machines require more inverter equipment (4 inverter
branches) than asynchronous motors. Core design and assembly are complex.
Performance
Torque density is high, but power factor is low.
Asymmetries
Transversal flux machines tend to develop asymmetries due to their
non-concentric structure. |
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Success factors:
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(no details available) |
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Applicability for railway segments: high |
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Type of traction: electric - DC, electric - AC
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Type of transportation: passenger - main lines, passenger - high speed, passenger - regional lines, passenger - suburban lines, freight
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If barriers are overcome, transversal flux machines will have broad application fields in railways: namely the entire electric fleet in both local and main line
service. |
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Grade of diffusion into railway markets:
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Diffusion into relevant segment of fleet: 0 % |
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Share of newly purchased stock: 0 % |
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Not in use yet. |
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Market potential (railways): highly uncertain |
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Transmissibility high, but barriers pose doubts on wide-spread introduction. |
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Example:
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(no details available) |
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Environmental criteria
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Impacts on energy efficiency:
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Energy efficiency potential for single vehicle: 5 - 10% |
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Energy efficiency potential throughout fleet: 2 - 5% |
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According to DB AG research efficiency of transversal flux machine
couplings is 97 %, compared to 90 % of asynchronous motor gears couplings.
That is a relative improvement of ~ 8 %. According to the following elasticity
table, this yields traction energy savings of 8 – 12 %.
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Traction |
Brake energy
recovery |
Effect on
efficiency of power train |
Elasticity
with regard to efficiency of power train |
Effect on
total energy consumption for traction |
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High speed
train |
electric |
no |
8
% |
-1,00 |
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8 % |
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yes |
-1,11 |
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9 % |
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Intercity
train |
electric |
no |
-1,00 |
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8 % |
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yes |
-1,12 |
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9 % |
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Regional
train |
electric |
no |
-1,00 |
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8 % |
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yes |
-1,33 |
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11 % |
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Suburban
train |
electric |
no |
-1,00 |
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8 % |
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yes |
-1,42 |
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11 % |
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Freight |
electric |
no |
-1,00 |
-
8 % |
There is an
additional effect through mass reduction. The transversal flux machine is
roughly 50% lighter than asynchronous machines. Counting gears as well,
transversal flux direct drives are 2/3 lighter than conventional asynchronous
motor drives, an absolute mass reduction of 1000 kg for a 500 kW motor. The
corresponding energy savings will be small compared to the efficiency gains
described above.
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Other environmental impacts: neutral |
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(no details available) |
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Economic criteria
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Vehicle - fix costs: (no data) |
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(no details available) |
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Vehicle - running costs: significant reduction |
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(no details available) |
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Infrastructure - fix costs: none |
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(no details available) |
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Infrastructure - running costs: unchanged |
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(no details available) |
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Scale effects: high |
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(no details available) |
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Amortisation: (no data) |
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(no details available) |
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Application outside railway sector (this technology is railway specific)
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Overall rating
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Overall potential: promising |
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Time horizon: long-term |
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Transversal flux machines are a promising long-term candidate for replacing state-of-the-art traction motors. More R&D is however necessary to overcome current technological shortcomings. |
click icon to print 
date created: 2002-10-03
